Government 2305 Test 1

Papers to Memorize

  • Declaration of Independence
  • Articles of Confederation
  • Constitution
  • Federalist 10
  • Federalist 51

Social Contract

Agreement between the rulled and the ruler(s)

British colonial rule

British ruled with a few local leaders. Most remote

Political culture

The attitudes and beliefs of individuals toward the government

Republic

Government rules at the consent of the governed

Equality of opportunity

Equal
Opposite of nepotism
Substantive
Slight favoritism to underqualified
Fair
Strip power from the powerful

Alexis de Tocqueville

Democracy in America. political science

Capitalism

Industry controlled by private sector

Political equality

The principle that all citizens are the same in the eyes of the law

Elitism

Select group of people have greater influence than others. Power concentrated in hands of limited

Classic liberalism

Freedom of people by limiting government

Economic stratification

Social classes stratified on economic lines

Principles of democracy

Government operates at concent of people

Thomas Hobbes
Social contract. Leviathan
John Locke
Liberalism. Natural Law

Natural Law

Life, liberty, persuit of happiness

Majority rule

50% + 1

Minority rights

Cannot be abridged by majority

Political legitimacy

Popular acceptance of an authority

Constitutional Convention

Convention in states for constitutional review

Constitution Day

17 Sep 1787

Direct democracy

People vote for policy initiatives

Indirect democracy

People vote for representatives

Checks and balances

Government divisions check each other

Separation of powers

Legislative, judicial, executive

Federalism

Separation of federal and state

Enumerated powers

Constitution A1 S8

Implied powers

Necessary and proper

Concurrent powers

Shared between federal and state

Great compromise

Senate 2ea. House proportional

3/5 compromise

Slave population 3/5 state

Supremacy clause

A6 C2. supreme law of the land

Constitutional amendment procedure

Proposal 2/3. Ratification 3/4

Federal grant-making power

Categorical
Narrow category
Block
General purpose
Earmarks
Non-competitive. Lobbyists

New Federalism and Reagan

Roosevelt power to federal. Reagan power to states w\block grants

Gonzales v Raich

6 - 3 A

Marbury v Madison

4 - 0 B

Stare decisis

Stand by what is decided

Judicial activism

Changing law

Judicial restraint

Going with prior law

McCulloch v Maryland

7 - 0 A

Dred Scott v Sanford

7 - 2 B

Plessy v Ferguson

7 - 1 B

Brown v Board of Education

9 - 0 A

Murray v Maryland (Perason)

9 - 0 A

Sweatt v Painter

9 - 0 A

McClurin v Oklahoma

9 - 0 A

Bolling v Sharpe

9 - 0 A

California v Bakke

5 - 4 B

Community Schools v Seattle School District

Nixon v United States

9 - 0 B

Bush v Gore

5 - 4 A